clase para asp 1 uso de some and any

uso de; 

some y any
uso de some and any

MODALS VERBS

What are modal verbs?

Modals (also called modal verbs, modal auxiliary verbs, modal auxiliaries) are special verbs which behave irregularly in English. They are different from normal verbs like "work, play, visit..." They give additional information about the function of the main verb that follows it. They have a great variety of communicative functions.
Here are some characteristics of modal verbs:

• They never change their form. You can't add "s", "ed", "ing"...
• They are always followed by an infinitive without "to" (e.i. the bare infinitive.)
• They are used to indicate modality allow speakers to express certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, ability

List of modal verbs

Here is a list of modal verbs:

can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must

Use of modal verbs:

Modal verbs are used to express functions such as:

1. Permission
2. Ability
3. Obligation
4. Prohibition
5. Lack of necessity
6. Advice
7. possibility
8. probability

Examples of modal verbs

Here is a list of modals with examples:

Modal Verb	Expressing	Example
must	Strong obligation	You must stop when the traffic lights turn red.
	logical conclusion / Certainty	He must be very tired. He's been working all day long.
must not	prohibition	You must not smoke in the hospital.
can	ability	I can swim.
	permission	Can I use your phone please?
	possibility	Smoking can cause cancer.
could	ability in the past	When I was younger I could run fast.
	polite permission	Excuse me, could I just say something?
	possibility	It could rain tomorrow!
may	permission	May I use your phone please?
	possibility, probability	It may rain tomorrow!
might	polite permission	Might I suggest an idea?
	possibility, probability	I might go on holiday to Australia next year.
need not	lack of necessity/absence of obligation	I need not buy tomatoes. There are plenty of tomatoes in the fridge.
should/ought to	50 % obligation	I should / ought to see a doctor. I have a terrible headache.
	advice	You should / ought to revise your lessons
	logical conclusion	He should / ought to be very tired. He's been working all day long.
had better	advice	You 'd better revise your lessons

INFORMACIÓN EN ESPANOL

PASADO PARTICIPIO

EJERCICIO 1

EJERCICIO 2

futuro

ejercicio
ejercico 2
gramatica para entender

MUCH, MANY, ANY, SOME CLASE SABADOS

1. Countable nouns

Most of the nouns are countable. You can combine them with numbers, e.g one, two or three. Here is an example:

• one pencil
• two pencils
• three pencils
• four ...

2. Uncountable nouns

These nouns cannot be combined with numbers.

• water
• butter
• coal
• money
• salt
• iron

If you want to express a quantity, you have to use a special phrase e.g. a glass of water.

Note:

Some nouns can be either countable or uncountable. We recommend to use a good dictionary to find out whether a noun is countable or uncountable or both.

Here is an example:

hair – hairs

• You've got some hairs on your T-shirt. (There might be 5 or 6 of them.)
• Your hair looks lovely. (Here you think of the hairstyle.)

1. Whendo we use much and when many?

• much: uncountable nouns (milk, marmalade, money, time etc.)
• many: countable nouns (bottles of milk, jars of marmalade, dollars, minutes etc.)

Examples:

• How much money have you got?
• How many dollars have you got?

In informal English these questions are often answered with a lot of, lots of. There is no much difference between the two phrases.

2. When do we use a little and when a few?

• a little: non countable nouns (milk, marmalade, money, time etc.)
• a few: countable nouns (bottles of milk, jars of marmalade, dollars, minutes etc.)

Examples:

• He has a little money left.
• He has a few dollars left.

EJERCICIOS.

When do we use some and when any?

We use some and any for an amount which is not known e.g. Have you got any crisps?

Use of some and any

• some: affirmative statements, offers, requests and in questions when you expect the answer ›yes‹
• any: negative statements, questions

Have you got any bananas? No, we haven't got any. But we've got some oranges.

Exceptions:

I would like to buy fruit at a market. I see the man has wonderful apples so I can ask him:

• Can I have some of these apples?

If I do not see apples or if I am not sure whether there are apples at all I use any in this question.

• Have you got any apples?

When do we use a lot of and when lots of?

These phrases are mainly used in informal English – lots of sounds a bit more informal than a lot of. Both forms are used in singular and in plural sentences.

It is not the phrase a lot of or lots of which determines singular or plural, but the subject of the sentence (herewater and computers).

1. Informal English

Singular

• A lot of water is wasted.
• Lots of water is wasted.

Plural

• A lot of computers are needed at schools.
• Lots of computers are needed at schools.

2. Formal English

In formal English we use plenty of or much and many instead of a lot of/lots of.

Singular

• Plenty of water is wasted.
• Much water is wasted.

Plural

• Plenty of computers are needed at schools.
• Many computers are needed at schools.

Some / Any / Much / Many EJERCICIOS

family values

family values


¹     Family values can be defined as values which are held to promote the sound functioning of the family and to strengthen the fabric of society. This seems like an easy issue, until one considers the following: what exactly constitutes "family"? Is family a self-contained unit? Does it include gays and lesbians, whether or not they become parents? Does it include single-parent homes? How does what we consider as family affect our public life and our relationships in the community? People who have opinions on this topic have definite, strong opinions. Even the dictionary definition leaves room for argument. Merriam-Webster defines "family" as "a group of individuals living under one roof and usually under one head: household." We are still left with an unclear picture of what exactly (who exactly) qualifies as "family."
 ²     Back to our definition of family values—the second half states that these values are held to strengthen the fabric of society. This implies morals, which leads to another question: Is morality something that the government has any control over? Well, we need to take a look at what is morality. Renowned author C.S. Lewis gives a three part definition. He says morality relates to our personal behavior in these three ways: (1) to ensure fair play and harmony between individuals; (2) to help make us good people in order to have a good society; and (3) to keep us in a good relationship with the power that created us.
 ³     Often people will agree with Lewis on the first point. Our society, as a whole, seems to promote fair play and harmony. We have sporting events which emphasize being good sports. No one likes a sore loser. Our election process is also an example where one opponent will win over another and afterwards life goes on. Battles don't break out because someone loses an election.

GLOBAL WARMING ; CLASS TO THE TEACHERS

WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT THE VIDEO?

CAN YOU FEEL THE CHANGES , HOW?

IN YOUR CITY HOW CAN YOU SEE THE CHANGES?

HOW YOU CAN HELP TO AVOID THE WARMING GLOBAL?

 FOR HOW LONG DO YOU THINK WE CAN HOLD UP THE CLIMATE CHANGES?


read and comprehension

warning global presentation